India Discovers New Species of Super Small Frogs

Local Editor

Indian biologists discovered tiny frogs, whose existence were earlier unknown. Out of the seven news species discovered in the bio-diversity rich Western Ghats, four are as tiny as the human index finger nail.

Scientists believe that these miniature frogs were overlooked because of their insect-like calls and secretive habitats. The new frog species belong to the genus Nyctibatrachus, commonly known as Night Frogs.

This find is a result of five years of extensive explorations in the Western Ghats by a group of biologists led by Prof SD Biju of University of Delhi.

Unlike other frogs in the genus that are predominantly stream dwelling, the new miniature frogs were found under damp forest leaf litter or marsh vegetation.

Scientists were surprised by the relative abundance of these previously unknown species at their collection localities. The Night Froggenus composed of 28 recognized species of which only three were miniature-sized [<18 mm].

Now the total number of known night frog species increased to 35, of which 20 percent are diminutive in size.

This frog genus is endemic to the Western Ghats of India and represents an ancient group of frogs that diversified on the Indian landmass approximately 70-80 million years ago, according to the study published in the Science Daily.

The future of these night frogs is uncertain, as more than 32 percent of the Western Ghats frogs are threatened with extinction.

Western Ghats mountain range is one of the world's richest biodiversity hotspots and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The region runs parallel to India's western coast, covering an area measuring approximately 54,054 square miles.

It is home to hundreds of species of animals and plants, of which 145 species listed as endangered and 51 as critically endangered, according to the UNESCO.

Source: News Agencies, Edited by website team